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Detroit-Superior Bridge

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Detroit-Superior Bridge

Primary Photographer(s): Nathan Holth

Bridge Documented: June 24, 2007, and October 1, 2021

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Facility Carried / Feature Intersected
Detroit and Superior Avenues (US-6) Over Cuyahoga River
Location
Cleveland: Cuyahoga County, Ohio: United States
Structure Type
Metal Braced Ribbed Through Arch, Fixed and Approach Spans: Concrete Open Spandrel Deck Arch, Fixed
Construction Date and Builder / Engineer
1918 By Builder/Contractor: King Bridge Company of Cleveland, Ohio
Rehabilitation Date
1997
Main Span Length
591.0 Feet (180.1 Meters)
Structure Length
2,880.0 Feet (877.8 Meters)
Roadway Width
72 Feet (21.95 Meters)
Spans
1 Main Span(s) and 12 Approach Span(s)
Inventory Number
1800930

Historic Significance Rating (HSR)
View Information About HSR Ratings

Bridge Documentation

View Archived National Bridge Inventory Report - Has Additional Details and Evaluation

View Historic American Engineering Record (HAER) Documentation For This Bridge

HAER Drawings, PDF - HAER Data Pages, PDF

View a PDF of a pamphlet describing this bridge.

View Historical Articles About This Bridge

View National Register of Historic Places Nomination Form For This Bridge

This bridge is the centerpiece and most recognizable of Cleveland's historic bridges. This bridge features a beautiful combination of span types. The main span is a cantilevered three-hinged steel arch that features a trussed arch built to the Pratt truss configuration. The bridge also features 12 large approach spans that are highly embellished concrete open-spandrel deck arches. Three of these approach spans are on the west side of the river, while the east side has nine. The bridge features a deck that includes a cantilevered section outside the arch, which is an alteration dating to the mid-1960s. The bridge also features a lower level that runs under the highway level, and original served a subway system, a function that ended in the 1950s.

This is a gorgeous bridges that features highly attractive design. The ornate concrete arch approach spans provide beauty to anyone traveling below the bridge. The graceful main arch span that thanks to the trussed arch design, also features a beautiful geometric arrangement of trusses to complement the arch shape, that combine to make crossing this bridge a pleasing experience as well.

This bridge is historically significant for being a significant engineering achievement. It also has had the sad distinction of becoming the last of the King Bridge Company landmark bridges to remain standing and not face demolition. As such, this bridge stands today as a critically important monument to the achievements of this nationally important bridge building company. Fortunately, the future of this bridge appears to be secure. The structure has been well-maintained and it enjoys the appreciation of both residents and visitors as a beautiful area landmark.

The total length of this bridge varies depending on which source is consulted. Lengths vary from 2656 Feet (809.6 Meters) to as long as 3112 Feet (948.5 Meters) long. The length in between these two figures 2880 appears to be the correct one, since it is listed in the original site plan for this bridge. The 3112 figure apparently relates to the distance from the east end of the bridge to 25th Street, since this distance is also referenced on the site plan.

Be sure to visit the HABS HAER page for this bridge since it features additional views of the original plans for the bridge, as well as a detailed history documented in the data pages. JPEG versions of the color photos on the HABS HAER pages are available in the HistoricBridges.org photo gallery. The HistoricBridges.org photo gallery offers over 100 photos of this bridge taken in beautiful sunny weather. Also be sure to enjoy photos of the lower deck level of this bridge in the Full / Wallpaper size gallery, courtesy of Steve Mathers.

Information and Findings From Ohio's Historic Bridge Inventory

Setting/Context

When built in 1917-18, the double-deck bridge carried streetcars on its lower deck and pedestrian/automobile traffic on its upper deck. It was also a high-level bridge with 93'- clearance over the river, thus eliminating the delays associated with the prior movable bridges on this route.

Physical Description

The double-deck Detroit-Superior High Level Bridge is a 591'-long, three-hinge, trussed, steel thru arch main span with reinforced-concrete open-spandrel arch approach spans ranging in length from 58' to 181'.

Integrity

Widened in 1969 by adding a cantilevered deck section.

Summary of Significance

The Detroit Superior High Level Bridge is NR listed (1974). It was rehabilitated in 1997 and 2005 without adverse effect. It is technologically significant for its three-hinge trussed steel thru arch, as well as its open-spandrel arch spans. It is also a historically important bridge in the development of Cleveland's roadway system as it adapted to the requirements of automobiles as reflected in the double-deck arrangement that was designed to separate automobile from streetcar traffic.

"The 1918 completion of the Detroit-Superior High Level Bridge temporarily solved many traffic problems on the adjacent Superior Avenue Viaduct. The double deck construction separated streetcars from automobile and pedestrian traffic. The 93' height of the fixed span over the Cuyahoga River permitted traffic to cross the bridge and boats to move along the river at the same time -- thus avoiding the five to ten minute long delays caused by the opening of the Superior Viaduct swing span. Cuyahoga County engineers Frank R. Lander and A. M. Felgate and county bridge engineers W. A. Stinchcomb and A. W. Zesiger designed the bridge with twelve concrete arches ranging in length from 58' to 181' and a 591' steel-arch span over the Cuyahoga River. When the bridge was completed it was the longest double-deck bridge ever built. The lower deck provided room for six streetcar tracks, four or which were installed. The Hunkin-Conkey Construction Co. used steel falsework to support the wooden molds for the concrete arches during construction; after the concrete hardened, the falsework was removed and used in erect the next arch. Cleveland's King Bridge Co. constructed the three-hinge central steel arch; the trusses were constructed of nickel steel; other pars from carbon steel." [From Cleveland: An Inventory of Historic Engineering and Industrial Sites, HAER, 1978].

Justification

The thru arch bridge ranks as not only the oldest examples of its type in the state, but is also one of the most distinguished architectonic bridges in the state.

Bridge Considered Historic By Survey: Yes


This bridge is tagged with the following special condition(s): Unorganized Photos

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Photo Galleries and Videos: Detroit-Superior Bridge

 

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Original / Full Size Gallery

Original / Full Size Photos
For the best visual immersion and full detail, or for use as a desktop background, this gallery presents selected overview and detail photos for this bridge in the original digital camera resolution. This gallery offers photos in the highest available resolution and file size in a touch-friendly popup viewer.
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Structure Overview

Mobile Optimized Photos
A collection of overview photos that show the bridge as a whole and general areas of the bridge. This gallery features data-friendly, fast-loading photos in a touch-friendly popup viewer.
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Structure Details

Mobile Optimized Photos
A collection of detail photos that document the parts, construction, and condition of the bridge. This gallery features data-friendly, fast-loading photos in a touch-friendly popup viewer.
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Additional Unorganized Photos

Original / Full Size Photos
A supplemental collection of photos that are from additional visit(s) to the bridge and have not been organized or captioned. This gallery offers photos in the highest available resolution and file size in a touch-friendly popup viewer.
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View Photo Gallery

Additional Unorganized Photos

Mobile Optimized Photos
A supplemental collection of photos that are from additional visit(s) to the bridge and have not been organized or captioned. This gallery features data-friendly, fast-loading photos in a touch-friendly popup viewer.
Alternatively, Browse Without Using Viewer

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Maps and Links: Detroit-Superior Bridge

Coordinates (Latitude, Longitude):

Search For Additional Bridge Listings:

Bridgehunter.com: View listed bridges within 0.5 miles (0.8 kilometers) of this bridge.

Bridgehunter.com: View listed bridges within 10 miles (16 kilometers) of this bridge.

HistoricBridges.org Bridge Browser: View listed bridges within 0.5 miles (0.8 kilometers) of this bridge.

HistoricBridges.org Bridge Browser: View listed bridges within 10 miles (16 kilometers) of this bridge.

2021 National Bridge Inventory: View listed bridges within 0.5 miles (0.8 kilometers) of this bridge.

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